Thymalin is a synthetic dipeptide bioregulator developed by Professor Vladimir Khavinson at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. It is the synthetic equivalent of the natural thymic peptide extract originally isolated from calf thymus glands. Thymalin has been studied since the 1970s in the former Soviet Union for its effects on thymic function and immune regulation, with one of the longest research track records among peptide bioregulators.

Thymalin is proposed to interact with thymic epithelial cell DNA to modulate the expression of genes involved in T-cell maturation, differentiation, and immune surveillance. Research suggests it restores the T-helper/T-suppressor cell ratio, enhances natural killer cell activity, and promotes thymulin secretion from the thymus gland. It may also upregulate telomerase activity in immune cells and exert antioxidant effects on lymphoid tissue.

• Restored immune function markers in elderly patients in a 6-year follow-up study (Khavinson et al., 2003)
• Reduced mortality rate by nearly 2-fold in aged subjects in a long-term geroprotective trial
• Normalized T-cell subpopulations and enhanced NK cell activity in immunosuppressed models
• Reactivated pineal melatonin production in aged animal models when combined with Epithalon
• Demonstrated telomerase activation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro

1. Peptide regulation of ageing: 35-year research experience
   Bull Exp Biol Med, 2003
2. Thymalin as a geroprotective agent in clinical practice
   Adv Gerontol, 2010
3. Effect of thymic peptides on T-cell differentiation and immune regulation
   Mech Ageing Dev, 2005

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